NERSC History of Systems

Established in 1974 at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, NERSC was moved to Berkeley Lab in 1996 with a goal of increased interactions with the UC Berkeley campus.

NERSC Systems

System Name	Installed	Retired	System Type	CPU Type	CPU Speed	Number of Nodes	SMP Cores	Total Cores	Aggregate Memory (GB)	Avg. Memory/Core	Interconnect	Disk (TB)	Avg. Power	Linpack HPL (Top Rank)	Peak TFlops/s
Perlmutter	2022		HPE Cray EX235n	AMD EPYC 7763 64C 2.45GHZ, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB	2.45 GHz / 1.41 GHz	1,792 GPU-CPU / 3,072 Dual socket CPU	64	311,296 (CPU)	2.03 PB DDR) / 327 TB (HBM)	4 GB (CPU)	HPE Cray Slingshot 11	35 PB	2.589 MW		93,750
Perlmutter Phase 1	2021		HPE Cray EX235n	AMD EPYC 7763 64C 2.45GHZ, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB	2.45 GHz / 1.41 GHz	1,536	64		390 TB	4 GB (CPU)	HPE Cray Slingshot 10	35 PB	2.528 MW	64,590 TF (5)	89,794
Cori	2016	May 31, 2023	Cray XC40	Intel Xeon Phi "KNL" 68-core / Intel Xeon 16-core "Haswell"	1.4 GHz / 2.3 GHz	9,688 / 2,388	68 / 32	658,784 / 76,416	1.09 PB / 298.5 TB	1.65 / 4 GB	Cray Aries	30,720	3.939 mW	14,014.7 TF (5)	27,880
Cori Phase 1	2015		Cray XC40	Intel Dual Socket Xeon 16-Core "Haswell"	2.3 GHz	1,630	32	52,160	207,872	4GB	Aries	30,720
Edison	2013	May 13, 2019	Cray XC30	Intel Xeon Dual Socket 12-Core "Ivy Bridge"	2.3 GHz	5,200	24	124,800	332,800	2.67GB	Aries	7,741	3.747 mW	1.654 TF (18)	2,570
Hopper	2010	Dec. 15, 2015	Cray XE6	Opteron Hex-Core	2.1 GHz	6,384	24	153,216	216,832	1.3 GB	Gemini	2,000	2,910 mW	1.054 TF (5)	1,288
Carver	2010	Sep. 30, 2015	IBM iDataPlex	Intel Nehalem Quad-Core	2.6 GHz	400	8	3,200	9,600	3 GB	4X QDR InfiniBand	NGF		36.856 TF (322)	42.656
Euclid	2010	Jan. 31, 2013	Sun Sunfire x4640	Opteron Hex-Core	2.6 GHz	1	48	48	512	10.7 GB		NGF			0.499
Hopper XT5	2009		Cray XT5	Opteron Quad-Core	2.4 GHz	664	8	5,312	10,524	2 GB	SeaStar	2,000			50.995
Franklin QuadCore	2009	Apr. 30, 2012	Cray XT4	Opteron Quad-Core	2.3 GHz	9,572	4	38,288	76,576	2 GB	SeaStar	436	1.6 mW	266.3 TF (8)	352
Franklin DualCore	2007		Cray XT4	Opteron Dual-Core	2.6 GHz	9,660	2	19,320	38,640	2 GB	SeaStar	356		85.4 TF (9)	102
Bassi	2005	Apr. 7, 2010	IBM p575	POWER 5 Single-Core	1.9 GHz	111	8	888	3,552	4 GB	IBM HPS	58	300 kW	6,415 MF (53)	6.7
Jacquard	2005	Apr. 7, 2010	LinuxNetworx Linux Cluster	Opteron	2.2 GHz	356	2	712	2,136	3 GB	InfiniBand	18	135 kW	2,215 MF (305)	3.1
DaVinci	2005	Jun. 16, 2010	SGI Altix	Itanium 2	1.4 GHz	1	32	32	192	6 GB	NUMA	22	6 kW		0.18
Seaborg II	2002	Jan. 7, 2008	IBM SP	POWER 3+	375 MHz	416	16	6,656	6,656	GB	IBM Colony		800 kW	7,304 MF (5)	9.984
Seaborg I	2001		IBM SP	POWER 3	375 MHz	208	16	3,328	3,328	1.0 GB	IBM Colony			3,052 MF (2)	4.992
JWatson	1999	Oct. 1, 2002	Cray Y-MP J90	Cray CMOS	100 MHz	1	32	32	8	250 MB	SMP				0.0064
FCrick	1999	Oct. 1, 2002	Cray Y-MP J90	Cray CMOS	100 MHz	1	32	32	8	250 MB	SMP				0.0064
GSeaborg	1999		IBM SP Power3 200	POWER 3	200 MHz	256	2	512	256	0.5 GB	IBM TB3MX	3.5		310 MF (30)	0.483
MCurie	1996	Oct. 1, 2002	Cray T3E-600	DEC Alpha	300 MHz	136	1	128	38	256 MB	3D Torus
MCurie	1997		Cray T3E-900	DEC Alpha	450 MHz	696	1	696	173	256 MB	3D Torus	0.37		444 MF (5)	0.622
Pierre	1998		Cray T3E-900	DEC Alpha	450 MHz	152	1	152	38	256 MB	3D Torus			55.7 MF (34)	0.0768
Pierre	1997		Cray T3E600	DEC Alpha EV5	300 MHz	96	1	96	25	256 MB	3D Torus				0.0768
Franklin	1996	Oct. 1, 2002	Cray Y-MP J932/32-8192	Cray CMOS	100 MHz	1	32	32	8	250 MB	SMP			5.8 MF (372)	0.0064
Killeen	1996	Oct. 1, 2002	Cray Y-MP J932/32-8192	Cray CMOS	100 MHz	1	32	32	8	250 MB	SMP			5.8 MF (372)	0.0064
Bhaskara	1996	Oct. 1, 2002	Cray Y-MP J932/32-8192	Cray CMOS	100 MHz	1	32	32	8	250 MB	SMP			5.8 MF (372)	0.0064
A	1992		Cray C90	Cray	238 MHz	1	16	16	2	125 MB	SMP	0.15	368 kW	13.7 MF (99)	0.015
	1985		Cray 2	Cray	474 MHz	1	4
	1978		Cray 1	Cray	83 MHz
	1975		CDC 7600	Control Data Corporation	36 MHz	9	1
	1974		CDC 6600	Control Data Corporation	10 MHz	1	1

NERSC in the Top 500

The TOP500 project ranks and details the 500 most powerful non-distributed computer systems in the world. The project was started in 1993 and publishes an updated list twice a year. The best Linpack benchmark performance achieved is used as a performance measure in ranking the computers.

Date	Name	System Type	Cores	Peak	R_max	Rank
June 2023	Perlmutter	HPE Cray EX235n, AMD EPYC 7763 64C 2.45GHz, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB, Slingshot-10	761,856	93,750 TF	70,870 TF	8
June 2022	Perlmutter	HPE Cray EX235n, AMD EPYC 7763 64C 2.45GHz, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB, Slingshot-10	761,856	93,750 TF	70,870 TF	7
June 2022	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	41
November 2021	Perlmutter	HPE Cray EX235n, AMD EPYC 7763 64C 2.45GHz, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB, Slingshot-10	761,856	93,750 TF	70,870 TF	5
November 2021	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	37
June 2021	Perlmutter	HPE Cray EX235n, AMD EPYC 7763 64C 2.45GHz, NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB, Slingshot-10	706,304	89,794 TF	64,590 TF	5
June 2021	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	30
November 2020	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	20
June 2020	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	16
November 2019	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	13
June 2019	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	14
June 2019	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	177
November 2018	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	12
November 2018	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	134
June 2018	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	10
June 2018	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	104
November 2017	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	8
November 2017	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	78
June 2017	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	6
June 2017	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	72
November 2016	Cori	Cori - Cray XC40, Intel Xeon Phi 7250 68C 1.4GHz, Aries interconnect	622,336	27,880.7 TF	14,014.7 TF	5
November 2016	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	60
June 2016	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	49
November 2015	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	39
November 2015	Hopper	Hopper - Cray XE6, Opteron 6172 12C 2.10GHz	153,408	1,288.6 TF	1.054.0 TF	71
June 2015	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	33
June 2015	Hopper	Hopper - Cray XE6, Opteron 6172 12C 2.10GHz	153,408	1,288.6 TF	1.054.0 TF	61
November 2014	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	24
November 2014	Hopper	Hopper - Cray XE6, Opteron 6172 12C 2.10GHz	153,408	1,288.6 TF	1,054.0 TF	44
June 2014	Edison	Edison - Cray XC30, Intel Xeon E5-2695v2 12C 2.4GHz, Aries interconnect	133,824	2,569.4 TF	1,654.7 TF	18
June 2014	Hopper	Hopper - Cray XE6, Opteron 6172 12C 2.10GHz	153,408	1,288.6 TF	1.054.0 TF	34
November 2013	Hopper	Hopper - Cray XE6, Opteron 6172 12C 2.10GHz	153,408	1,288.6 TF	1.054.0 TF	28
June 2013	Hopper	Hopper - Cray XE6, Opteron 6172 12C 2.10GHz	153,408	1,288.6 TF	1.054.0 TF	24
November 2012	Hopper	Cray XE6 12-Core 2.1 GHz	153,216	1,288.6 TF	1,054.0 TF	19
June 2012	Hopper	Cray XE6 12-Core 2.1 GHz	153,216	1,288.6 TF	1,054.0 TF	16
November 2011	Hopper	Cray XE6 12-Core 2.1 GHz	153,216	1,288,6 TF	1,054.0 TF	8
November 2011	Franklin	Cray XT4 QuadCore 2.3 GHz	38,642	355.5 TF	266.3 TF	38
June 2011	Hopper	Cray XE6 12-Core 2.1 GHz	153,216	1,288.6 TF	1,054.0 TF	8
June 2011	Franklin	Cray XT4 QuadCore 2.3 GHz	38,642	355.5 TF	266.3 TF	27
June 2011	Magellan	iDataPlex, Xeon X55xx QC 2.66 GHz, Infiniband	4,960	52.9 TF	45.7 TF	382
November 2010	Hopper	Cray XE6 12-Core 2.1 GHz	153,216	1,288.6 TF	1,054.0 TF	5
November 2010	Franklin	Cray XT4 QuadCore 2.3 GHz	38,642	355,506	266,300	26
November 2010	Magellan	iDataPlex, Xeon X55xx QC 2.66 GHz, Infiniband	4,960	52,893	45,702	194
November 2010	Carver	iDataPlex, Xeon X55xx QC 2.66 GHz, Infiniband	4,000	42,656	36,856	322
November 2009	Franklin	Cray XT4 QuadCore 2.3 GHz	38,642	355,506	266,300	15
June 2009	Franklin	Cray XT4 QuadCore 2.3 GHz	38,642	355,506	266,300	11
November 2008	Franklin	Cray XT4 QuadCore 2.3 GHz	38,642	355,506	266,300	8
June 2008	Franklin	Cray XT4, 2.6 GHz	19,320	100,464	85,368	16
November 2007	Franklin	Cray XT4, 2.6 GHz	19,320	100,464	85,368	9
November 2007	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	332
November 2007	Bassi	IBM eServer pSeries p5 575 1.9 GHz	976	7,417	6,415	424
June 2007	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	158
June 2007	Bassi	IBM eServer pSeries p5 575 1.9 GHz	976	7,417	6,415	196
November 2006	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	91
November 2006	Bassi	IBM eServer pSeries p5 575 1.9 GHz	976	7,417	6,415	102
June 2006	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	61
June 2006	Bassi	IBM eServer pSeries p5 575 1.9 GHz	976	7,417	6,415	72
June 2006	Jacquard	Opteron 2.2 GHz, Infiniband	630	2,772	2,125	464
November 2005	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	47
November 2005	Bassi	IBM eServer pSeries p5 575 1.9 GHz	976	7,417	6,415	53
November 2005	Jacquard	Opteron 2.2 GHz, Infiniband	630	2,772	2,125	305
June 2005	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	36
November 2004	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	21
June 2004	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	14
November 2003	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	9
June 2003	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	6,656	9,984	7,304	5
November 2002	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	3,328	4,992	3,052	12
June 2002	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	3,328	4,992	3,052	5
June 2002	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	105
November 2001	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	3,052	4,992	3,052	3
November 2001	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	67
June 2001	Seaborg	IBM SP Power3 375 MHz 16 way	2,528	3,792	2,526	2
June 2001	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	54
June 2001	GSeaborg	IBM SP Power3 200 MHz	604	483.2	310	77
June 2001	Alvarez	IBM Netfinity Cluster PIII 866 MHz - Myrinet	160	139	81.4	385
November 2000	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	42
November 2000	GSeaborg	IBM SP Power3 200 MHz	604	483.2	310	60
June 2000	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	34
June 2000	GSeaborg	IBM SP Power3 200 MHz	604	483.2	310	45
November 1999	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	23
November 1999	GSeaborg	IBM SP Power3 200 MHz	604	483	310	30
June 1999	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	17
November 1998	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	692	622.8	444	12
June 1998	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	512	460.8	321	8
June 1998	A	Y-MP C916/16256	16	15.2	13.7	488
November 1997	MCurie	Cray T3E 900	512	461	265	5
November 1997	A	Y-MP C916/16256	16	15.2	13.7	314
June 1997	Pierre	Cray T3E	160	96.0	61.4	37
June 1997	A	Y-MP C916/16256	16	15.2	13.7	212
November 1996	Pierre	Cray T3E	128	76.8	50.4	34
November 1996	A	Y-MP C916/16256	16	15.2	13.7	139
November 1996	Killeen	Y-MP J932/32-8192	32	6.4	5.8	372
November 1996	Franklin	Y-MP J932/32-8192	32	6.4	5.8	373
November 1996	???	Y-MP J932/32-8192	32	6.4	5.8	374
June 1996	A	Y-MP C916/16256	16	15.2	13.7	99